Designing a small coffee bar within your kitchen can add both functionality and charm to your space. Jean Stoffer Design ‘s unparalleled coffee bar designs are truly exceptional and these images from Stoffer Photography Interiors are a wellspring of inspiration for creating your own! If you want to design your own, start by selecting a ...Dramatic Transformations: Stately English Cottage Home. This English cottage in Grand Rapids, Mich., gains charm and space after a full-gut remodeling project. Jean Stoffer introduces a fresh look and loads of natural light into the home with a reconfigured floorplan. Photo: Jesse Loftis. From: Jean Stoffer.The Madison. Jean Stoffer Design | Location: Heritage Hill, Grand Rapids, MIDesigning a small coffee bar within your kitchen can add both functionality and charm to your space. Jean Stoffer Design ‘s unparalleled coffee bar designs are truly exceptional and these images from Stoffer Photography Interiors are a wellspring of inspiration for creating your own! If you want to design your own, start by selecting a ...Designing a small coffee bar within your kitchen can add both functionality and charm to your space. Jean Stoffer Design ‘s unparalleled coffee bar designs are truly exceptional and these images from Stoffer Photography Interiors are a wellspring of inspiration for creating your own! If you want to design your own, start by selecting a ...PARTNERSHIPS — Jean Stoffer Design. JEAN STOFFER x LOLOI. Rug and pillow collaboration with Loloi. Click the image to shop at Stoffer Home! ARIA STONE GALLERY. Jean Stoffer is known for her unique and timeless designs, and now has a collection with Aria Stone Gallery. Click the image to view the collection.Jean Stoffer is on a roll. The busy Grand Rapids designer known for her clean-yet-classic style not only had her television show, “The Established Home,” debut on the Magnolia Network late in ...Prepare to be captivated by Jean’s design journey, touched by the Stoffer family bond, and inspired by the warmth and spirit of Grand Rapids. This season casts Jean Stoffer, Grace Stoffer, and ...The busy Grand Rapids designer known for her clean-yet-classic style not only had her television show, “The Established Home,” debut on the Magnolia Network …Keystone. Jean Stoffer designed her son’s house in suburban Chicago, focusing on the kitchen, coffee bar, sunroom, pantry/mudroom, and primary suite. This home is featured on Season 2, Episode 8 of The Established Home.'ESTABLISHING HOME' BY JEAN STOFFER Open Menu Close Menu. Folder: MENU. Back. HOME ABOUT PROJECTS MEDIA PARTNERSHIPS CONTACT THE EXPERT. STOFFER HOME. STOFFER HOME CABINETRY 'ESTABLISHING HOME' BY JEAN STOFFER Honey Creek. Ada, Michigan. View fullsize. View ...This home features a custom kitchen renovation with stunning views of Reeds Lake in East Grand Rapids, Michigan. This home is featured on Season 2, Episode 7 of The Established Home.'ESTABLISHING HOME' BY JEAN STOFFER Detroit Showhouse. Detroit, Michigan. View fullsizeJean Stoffer is an award-winning interior designer who specializes in kitchen and bath design. See her projects, reviews, and services on Houzz, a platform for home professionals and homeowners.Visit us: 714 Wealthy Street SE Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Hours: Sunday - Closed Monday - 10am-5pm Tuesday - 10am-5pm Wednesday - 10am-5pm Thursday - 10am-8pm Friday - 10am-5pm Saturday - 9am - 5pm Visiting Grand Rapids? Check out our Grand Rapids City Guide for our favorite restaurants and things to do!Apr 8, 2020 · In summer 2019, designer Jean Stoffer (whose style Jo fell in love with on Instagram) used her tried-and-true design questionnaire to come up with a game plan based on the family’s habits and ... Honey Jewelry. Our very first commercial design is this stunning, high-end boutique jewelry store on Cherry Street in Grand Rapids, MI. This home is featured on Season 2, Episode 6 of The Established Home.Jean Stoffer's full family includes her husband Dale as well as their four adult children and several grandchildren. Dale retired in 2017, and has now taken on a fairly important role in their retail and online store, Stoffer Home. “He handles all the recycling and garbage, does many pickups and deliveries to and from our local vendors and ...Designing a small coffee bar within your kitchen can add both functionality and charm to your space. Jean Stoffer Design ‘s unparalleled coffee bar designs are truly exceptional and these images from Stoffer Photography Interiors are a wellspring of inspiration for creating your own! If you want to design your own, start by selecting a ... TITLE: Social Media Manager. DATE POSTED: March 5, 2024. STATUS: Exempt, full-time, in-person. REPORTS TO: John Stoffer, CMO. Primary Responsibilities: Executes the social media strategy across all Jean Stoffer Design brands (Jean Stoffer Design - JSD, Stoffer Home Cabinetry - SHC, Stoffer Home - SH), sharing beautiful products and designs ... 10 Favorite Kitchens of Jean Stoffer. January 15, 2024 by designchic · No Comments. Jean Stoffer is celebrated for her exceptional talent in designing kitchens that seamlessly merge timeless elegance with contemporary functionality. Embracing a blend of warmth, sophistication, and practicality remains a constant focus.And all three were prominently featured in the 5,500-square-foot Michigan home that designer Jean Stoffer ’s clients, a family of four who had originally hired her …'ESTABLISHING HOME' BY JEAN STOFFER Open Menu Close Menu. Folder: MENU. Back. HOME ABOUT PROJECTS MEDIA PARTNERSHIPS CONTACT THE EXPERT. STOFFER HOME. STOFFER HOME CABINETRY 'ESTABLISHING HOME' BY JEAN STOFFER Honey Creek. Ada, Michigan. View fullsize. View ...Enjoy 20% off all Jean Stoffer x Loloi products and more thru 10/9. Stoffer Home · October 5, 2023 4:00pm. Table Arranging & Hosting with Jean Stoffer ... Check out Jean's first commercial design! Stoffer Home · August 22, 2023 12:00pm. Personalized & Made to Order ...Visit us: 714 Wealthy Street SE Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Hours: Sunday - Closed Monday - 10am-5pm Tuesday - 10am-5pm Wednesday - 10am-5pm Thursday - 10am-8pm Friday - 10am-5pm Saturday - 9am - 5pm Visiting Grand Rapids? Check out our Grand Rapids City Guide for our favorite restaurants and things to do!We partnered with award-winning Michigan-based designer Jean Stoffer to see her interpretation of our Boden Sofa’s style, in a chic vintage-inspired space that showcases the sofa’s timeless appeal. Jean’s signature elegant and approachable style keeps one eye firmly on tradition and one on the future. “I would describe my design ...Designer Pillows Furniture Line Woodwork Samples Fabric Swatches Curtain Swatches ... Jean Stoffer X Loloi Katherine Midnight / Tobacco KES-03. from $56.54 Jean Stoffer X Loloi Katherine Copper / Steel KES-04.The Established Home: With Jean Stoffer. Designer Jean Stoffer takes on some of her most ambitious projects to date around her hometown of Grand Rapids. She shares the inspiration behind her stunning designs, as well as …Discover designer Jean Stoffer’s secrets for creating a fresh, elegant look in this newly renovated home. Balance is a big part of what makes most designs work. And for interior designer Jean Stoffer, the idea comes through in the way she brings furnishings, fixtures and colors together. For a 1902 home in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in ...Discover designer Jean Stoffer’s secrets for creating a fresh, elegant look in this newly renovated home. Balance is a big part of what makes most designs work. And for interior designer Jean Stoffer, the idea comes through in the way she brings furnishings, fixtures and colors together. For a 1902 home in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in ...The busy Grand Rapids designer known for her clean-yet-classic style not only had her television show, “The Established Home,” debut on the Magnolia Network …Discover designer Jean Stoffer’s secrets for creating a fresh, elegant look in this newly renovated home. Balance is a big part of what makes most designs work. And for interior designer Jean Stoffer, the idea comes through in the way she brings furnishings, fixtures and colors together. For a 1902 home in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in ...Visit us: 714 Wealthy Street SE Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Hours: Sunday - Closed Monday - 10am-5pm Tuesday - 10am-5pm Wednesday - 10am-5pm Thursday - 10am-8pm Friday - 10am-5pm Saturday - 9am - 5pm Visiting Grand Rapids? Check out our Grand Rapids City Guide for our favorite restaurants and things to do!Visit us: 714 Wealthy Street SE Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Hours: Sunday - Closed Monday - 10am-5pm Tuesday - 10am-5pm Wednesday - 10am-5pm Thursday - 10am-8pm Friday - 10am-5pm Saturday - 9am - 5pm Visiting Grand Rapids? Check out our Grand Rapids City Guide for our favorite restaurants and things to do!Jean Stoffer Design | Stoffer Photography Interiors. Designer Jean Stoffer oversaw the extensive renovation of The Madison, her breathtaking 1902 Greek Revival home located in Michigan, transforming it into a seamless blend of historic elegance and modern sophistication. Stoffer delicately intertwined the preservation of the …We partnered with award-winning Michigan-based designer Jean Stoffer to see her interpretation of our Boden Sofa’s style, in a chic vintage-inspired space that showcases the sofa’s timeless appeal. Jean’s signature elegant and approachable style keeps one eye firmly on tradition and one on the future. “I would describe my design ...Dec 19, 2023 - Designer Jean Stoffer loved the MADE by Ann Sacks glazed ceramic tile she used in the kitchen backsplash so much, she pulled it into the primary bathroom as well. "The tile's a deep maroon. It has iridescence in some places, and parts of it feel deep blue, but it generally has brown and red undertones," says Stoffer. See the entire project on …Visit us: 714 Wealthy Street SE Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Hours: Sunday - Closed Monday - 10am-5pm Tuesday - 10am-5pm Wednesday - 10am-5pm Thursday - 10am-8pm Friday - 10am-5pm Saturday - 9am - 5pm Visiting Grand Rapids? Check out our Grand Rapids City Guide for our favorite restaurants and things to do!Keystone. Jean Stoffer designed her son’s house in suburban Chicago, focusing on the kitchen, coffee bar, sunroom, pantry/mudroom, and primary suite. This home is featured on Season 2, Episode 8 of The Established Home.Jean Stoffer is the star of Magnolia Network’s show, The Established Home. This TV series follows Jean and her design work. Jean is an award winning Grand Rapids based interior designer and her new book is called “Establishing Home: Creating Space for a Beautiful Life with Family, Faith and Friends.”The Expert. Are you a designer? Join our Trade program. Consultations. Shop. Stories. Consultations. Book consultations with the world's top design experts.About. Jean Stoffer is a Grand Rapids based, independent interior designer who specializes in kitchen and bath design. After years as an interior designer, Jean began concentrating on kitchen design in 1995. Since then she has been involved in many projects, and has received awards for her work including recognition as a national winner in the ...Filed Under: Architecture, Interior Design. This modern farmhouse style home was created by Jean Stoffer Design along with Kenowa Builders, ideally located in the East Grand Rapids, Michigan. Nestled on the shores of Reeds Lake, this beautiful residence maintains it’s original traditional aesthetic while incorporating both rustic and … Fair Oaks. Oak Park, Illinois. View fullsize. View fullsize Apr 8, 2020 · In summer 2019, designer Jean Stoffer (whose style Jo fell in love with on Instagram) used her tried-and-true design questionnaire to come up with a game plan based on the family’s habits and ... In this powder room painted with Evergreen Fog, designer Jean Stoffer, founder of Jean Stoffer Design, blended the shade with white fixtures, gold accents, and a pop of bold wallpaper. Jean says she appreciates the shade for its' depth and interest,' and has used it across her own home in different applications. Dave’s mom is none other than Jean Stoffer of Jean Stoffer Design, a renowned kitchen-centric designer and the star of the new renovation show The Established Home. The first two episodes cover her renovation of Dave and Kristy’s house, which started in January of 2021 and ended in September, just in time for the start of the school year. Jean Stoffer is an interior designer and reality TV star. She is currently the host of The Established Home on the Magnolia Network. Birthplace: Grand Rapids, Michigan. Spouse: Dale Stoffer. Children: 2. College: Graduated in 1982. Article continues below advertisement.Jan 15, 2024 · 10 Favorite Kitchens of Jean Stoffer. January 15, 2024 by designchic · No Comments. Jean Stoffer is celebrated for her exceptional talent in designing kitchens that seamlessly merge timeless elegance with contemporary functionality. Embracing a blend of warmth, sophistication, and practicality remains a constant focus. PARTNERSHIPS — Jean Stoffer Design. JEAN STOFFER x LOLOI. Rug and pillow collaboration with Loloi. Click the image to shop at Stoffer Home! ARIA STONE GALLERY. Jean Stoffer is known for her unique and timeless designs, and now has a collection with Aria Stone Gallery. Click the image to view the collection.In this powder room painted with Evergreen Fog, designer Jean Stoffer, founder of Jean Stoffer Design, blended the shade with white fixtures, gold accents, and a pop of bold wallpaper. Jean says she appreciates the shade for its' depth and interest,' and has used it across her own home in different applications. Jean Stoffer X Loloi Bradbury Grey / Multi BRU-04. from $71.18. Jean Stoffer X Loloi Bradbury Ink / Multi BRU-05. from $71.18. Jean Stoffer X Loloi Bradbury Sunset / Multi BRU-06. from $71.18. Jean Stoffer X Loloi Cornwall Charcoal / Natural CRN-01. from $89.00. Jean Stoffer X Loloi Cornwall Ivory / Natural CRN-01. Ashleigh Semi-Flush Mount. $640.00. Boston Functional Single Light. from $279.00. 30" Cabinet Maker's Picture Light. $699.00. 1 2 3 … 16. Stoffer Home is the West Michigan Dealer for Visual Comfort & Co. Visit our gallery and order through us.Visit us: 714 Wealthy Street SE Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Hours: Sunday - Closed Monday - 10am-5pm Tuesday - 10am-5pm Wednesday - 10am-5pm Thursday - 10am-8pm Friday - 10am-5pm Saturday - 9am - 5pm Visiting Grand Rapids? Check out our Grand Rapids City Guide for our favorite restaurants and things to do!Page couldn't load • Instagram. Something went wrong. There's an issue and the page could not be loaded. Reload page. 7,837 likes, 163 comments - jeanstofferdesign on February 9, 2020: "Green is always a good color. About. Jean Stoffer is a Grand Rapids based, independent interior designer who specializes in kitchen and bath design. After years as an interior designer, Jean began concentrating on kitchen design in 1995. Since then she has been involved in many projects, and has received awards for her work including recognition as a national winner in the ... Jean Stoffer is an interior designer and reality TV star. She is currently the host of The Established Home on the Magnolia Network. Birthplace: Grand Rapids, Michigan. Spouse: Dale Stoffer. Children: 2. College: Graduated in 1982. Article continues below advertisement.Known for her elegant interiors, Jean Stoffer is an award-winning designer, the author of Establishing Home, and a Magnolia Network storyteller on the show The Established Home—where she takes on ambitious design projects around her hometown of Grand Rapids, Michigan. Below, we’re sharing an inside look at her newly-renovated …Interior designer Jean Stoffer is the star of the new show The Established Home. Jean was born to her parents Donald James Tittle and Gail Bradbury. She was one of the four children of her parents, the same way, she is one of the mothers of four children who she shared with the love of her life Dale Stoffer . The Established Home. Season 3. Designer Jean Stoffer takes on some of her most ambitious projects to date around her hometown of Grand Rapids, MI. She shares the inspiration behind her stunning designs, as well as the important role family plays in her life and business. 1 2024 8 episodes. TV-G. Our newest collaboration partner is the illustrious Jean Stoffer, an interior designer and retail owner, and host of The Established Home. Jean’s work defies trends, imbuing modern homes with classic style. Her sense of elegance and her meticulous eye for detail is known throughout the design world, ...Honey Jewelry. Our very first commercial design is this stunning, high-end boutique jewelry store on Cherry Street in Grand Rapids, MI. This home is featured on Season 2, Episode 6 of The Established Home.The Established Home: With Jean Stoffer. Designer Jean Stoffer takes on some of her most ambitious projects to date around her hometown of Grand Rapids. She shares the inspiration behind her stunning designs, as well as …Jean Stoffer's HomeDesign Project. When Jean Stoffer wanted to honor the history of her stately Grand Rapids home while giving it a modern interpretation, she turned to KOHLER ® products for her kitchen and bathrooms. She incorporated various faucet styles and finishes into those spaces in a way that manages to feel perfectly cohesive …In Establishing Home, Jean tells how necessity sparked her journey from part-time receptionist to founder of an award-winning home design company and star of the Magnolia Network’s show, The Established Home. Along the way, she shares what she has learned about design, business, parenting, and relationships. In Establishing Home Jean will:Visit us: 714 Wealthy Street SE Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Hours: Sunday - Closed Monday - 10am-5pm Tuesday - 10am-5pm Wednesday - 10am-5pm Thursday - 10am-8pm Friday - 10am-5pm Saturday - 9am - 5pm Visiting Grand Rapids? Check out our Grand Rapids City Guide for our favorite restaurants and things to do!Jean Stoffer Design’s unique mix of materials, textures, and color/ Achievements. Jean Stoffer Design’s unique mix of materials, textures, and color is completed with experience and expertise in interior detailing, scale, and proportion has propelled the firm and its work into the national design conversation.Enjoy 20% off all Jean Stoffer x Loloi products and more thru 10/9. Stoffer Home · October 5, 2023 4:00pm. Table Arranging & Hosting with Jean Stoffer ... Check out Jean's first commercial design! Stoffer Home · August 22, 2023 12:00pm. Personalized & Made to Order ...10 Favorite Kitchens of Jean Stoffer. January 15, 2024 by designchic · No Comments. Jean Stoffer is celebrated for her exceptional talent in designing kitchens that seamlessly merge timeless elegance with contemporary functionality. Embracing a blend of warmth, sophistication, and practicality remains a constant focus.In Jean Stoffer Design (the show's working title), fans will get an up-close look at some of Stoffer's most ambitious design projects to date around Grand Rapids. But it's way more than just a ...Over the past five years, the celebrated Michigan designer has seen her career catch fire, with the launch of a cabinetry business, a store, big licensing deals and …Jean Stoffer is on a roll. The busy Grand Rapids designer known for her clean-yet-classic style not only had her television show, “The Established Home,” debut on the Magnolia Network late in ...Page couldn't load • Instagram. Something went wrong. There's an issue and the page could not be loaded. Reload page. 7,837 likes, 163 comments - jeanstofferdesign on February 9, 2020: "Green is always a good color.Jun 11, 2022 · Jean Stoffer Design’s unique mix of materials, textures, and color/ Achievements Jean Stoffer Design’s unique mix of materials, textures, and color is completed with experience and expertise in interior detailing, scale, and proportion has propelled the firm and its work into the national design conversation. 12K likes, 132 comments - jeanstofferdesign on June 24, 2021: "I’m walking through our pantry at The Madison over on stories. But this is my favorite view of ..."The Established Home Season 3 Episodes. 2022 -2023. 3 Seasons. Discovery+. TVG. Watchlist. Where to Watch. Designer Jean Stoffer takes on some of her most ambitious projects to date around her ...Jean Stoffer Design’s white and neutral paint line. Jean Stoffer is a heavenly designer of homes. Like angels sing when I see what she’s done with a house. Classic lines, old feeling textures combined with timeless pieces make her spaces dessert for the eyes. So finding out there’s a Jean Stoffer paint line with Sherwin Williams is just a ...12K likes, 203 comments - jeanstofferdesign on July 31, 2021: "I put together a whole set of before and after pics of The Madison kitchen. It may be hard to fig..."in LizMarieBlog. Stoffer Home – Home Tour. Okay… it’s Sunday an entire day and a half since Jose and I toured The Madison House, the new home of Jean Stoffer from Stoffer Home, and as I right this tonight, I still cannot stop smiling, filled inspiration and amazement. If you frequent the blog or my IG, you know how much I love this ... 'ESTABLISHING HOME' BY JEAN STOFFER Tenafly. Tenafly, New Jersey. View fullsize
Alvin C Table. $229.00. Connie Desk. $2,899.00. Harper Chair. $1,699.00. 1 2. Episode 2: Jean decides to bring her British-influenced classic design sense to a Spanish mission-style house as she redesigns an entire home overlooking the Pacific Ocean in the picturesque community of Dana Point, California.. Sherwood south animal hospital
Painted Brick. Grand Rapids, Michigan. View fullsize. View fullsize TITLE: Social Media Manager. DATE POSTED: March 5, 2024. STATUS: Exempt, full-time, in-person. REPORTS TO: John Stoffer, CMO. Primary Responsibilities: Executes the social media strategy across all Jean Stoffer Design brands (Jean Stoffer Design - JSD, Stoffer Home Cabinetry - SHC, Stoffer Home - SH), sharing beautiful products and designs ... We partnered with award-winning Michigan-based designer Jean Stoffer to see her interpretation of our Boden Sofa’s style, in a chic vintage-inspired space that showcases the sofa’s timeless appeal. Jean’s signature elegant and approachable style keeps one eye firmly on tradition and one on the future. “I would describe my design ...The Michigan-based interior designer and business owner designs homes that are beautiful, functional, and personal—and she's especially good with kitchens. In …Page couldn't load • Instagram. Something went wrong. There's an issue and the page could not be loaded. Reload page. 12K likes, 203 comments - jeanstofferdesign on July 31, 2021: "I put together a whole set of before and after pics of The Madison kitchen.Visit us: 714 Wealthy Street SE Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Hours: Sunday - Closed Monday - 10am-5pm Tuesday - 10am-5pm Wednesday - 10am-5pm Thursday - 10am-8pm Friday - 10am-5pm Saturday - 9am - 5pm Visiting Grand Rapids? Check out our Grand Rapids City Guide for our favorite restaurants and things to do!The Established Home Season 3 has 7 episodes. The Established Home Season 3 continues to showcase Jean Stoffer, a renowned home designer, as she takes on some of her most ambitious projects in ...LIVE “Books and Bites” sponsored by Friends of The Mountain Branch Library, Lake Lure Inn, 2771 Memorial Hwy, Lake Lure, NC 28746, 828.625.2525, Lunch at 11:30am, Meet & Greet at 11am, Bookseller – Malaprops. LIVE Laura Park Designs, 1033 Providence Rd, Charlotte, NC 28207; (704) 807-2630, 4 – 5:30 pm Sip & Sign, Free & …In Jean Stoffer Design (the show's working title), fans will get an up-close look at some of Stoffer's most ambitious design projects to date around Grand Rapids. But it's way more than just a ...Ashleigh Semi-Flush Mount. $640.00. Boston Functional Single Light. from $279.00. 30" Cabinet Maker's Picture Light. $699.00. 1 2 3 … 16. Stoffer Home is the West Michigan Dealer for Visual Comfort & Co. Visit our gallery and order through us.The Established Home Season 3 Episodes. 2022 -2023. 3 Seasons. Discovery+. TVG. Watchlist. Where to Watch. Designer Jean Stoffer takes on some of her most ambitious projects to date around her ...This home features a custom kitchen renovation with stunning views of Reeds Lake in East Grand Rapids, Michigan. This home is featured on Season 2, Episode 7 of The Established Home. Jean Stoffer's Favorite Colors from the Emerald. ®. Designer Edition™ Collection. "We were delighted to discover the brand-new Sherwin-Williams Emerald ® Designer Edition™ Collection," says Jean Stoffer. "Using these new exclusive colors, it was effortless to put together a beautiful palette. The undertones work so well together. Interior Features. Browse images of our cabinetry and view our cabinetry colors in real homes. Each project is unique and features exclusive, high-quality cabinetry that is exclusively made by Stoffer Home Cabinetry and designed by Jean Stoffer. View all of our curated colors and wood finishes in real spaces in order to decide what your ...Prepare to be captivated by Jean’s design journey, touched by the Stoffer family bond, and inspired by the warmth and spirit of Grand Rapids. This season casts Jean Stoffer, Grace Stoffer, and ...Jean Stoffer is an independent interior designer based in Grand Rapids, MI, who focuses on kitchen and bath design. She has won awards, been featured in books and magazines, … 'ESTABLISHING HOME' BY JEAN STOFFER Tenafly. Tenafly, New Jersey. View fullsize And all three were prominently featured in the 5,500-square-foot Michigan home that designer Jean Stoffer’s clients, a family of four who had originally hired her to help them build a brand-new ...Checkerboard North Porch Floor. Jean Stoffer saw the potential in her 1902 Greek Revival home the moment she laid eyes on it. Three years of renovating later her vision was complete when she transformed the final space: the North Porch. A checkerboard pattern of 6x6 Ceramic Tile in Iron Ore and Pyrite unfurls across the floor, complemented by a ....