Disney cruise gratuities

Nickelodeon is owned by Viacom International as of 2014, whereas Disney is owned by the Walt Disney Company, which is a competitor. Viacom owns other companies such as MTV, Comedy ...There aren't any hard-and-fast guidelines for this type of tip since it's contingent on your experience, but $25 to $40 on behalf of a couple roughly works out to an extra $2 to $3 per person, per ...June 4, 2019. IMG 9507 scaled. Let’s talk gratuities… The service on Disney Cruise Line is exceptional. Each and every cast and crew member make you feel like you are the most …Gratuities are not included, and Disney Cruise Line's recommended tip is a minimum of $14.50 per guest, per night. How much is the Disney Cruise Line drink package?Are you ready to experience the magic of Disney+? With the launch of Disney+, you can now access a huge library of movies, shows, and documentaries from all your favorite Disney, P...A couple traveling together will see about $30-$40 per day in gratuities, or about $200+ over the course of a week-long cruise. Below, we’ve listed the current tip amounts charged by major cruise lines as of the time of this writing: Carnival: $16.00 per person, per day. $18.00 per person, per day for …Lucky for you, food is included in the cost of a Disney cruise. Here are the highlights: Meals at one of three themed dining restaurants. Buffets and quick-service dining options. Complimentary soda, tea, coffee, and water in the dining rooms and on the deck. “All-you-care-to-enjoy” soft-serve ice cream.Celebrity Cruises. What's Included: Stateroom stewards, restaurant servers, and a small amount to other key crew members. Price: $14.50 per person/day in regular cabins, $15 per person/day in Concierge Class and Aqua class cabins, and $18 per person/day in suites. 18% is also added on for beverages and …Fantasy Becomes Reality. Chart a course for adventure and wonder, where elegance and sophistication mingle with storytelling and whimsy. Sister ship to the Disney Dream, the Disney Fantasy is a masterpiece of design and engineering boasting Art Nouveau allure alongside modern technological advancements. Set sail on longer itineraries ...Disney Cruise Line Increases Base Gratuities – Adds Recommendation for Concierge Guests (July 2022) Posted on July 2, 2022 by Scott Sanders — 8 Comments ↓ This week, Disney Cruise Line quietly modified their FAQ page on tipping increasing the recommended gratuity guidelines for select …Disney tickets annual passes are a great way to enjoy all the fun and excitement that Disney has to offer. With an annual pass, you can visit the parks as often as you like and tak...Jan 24, 2024 · Disney Cruise Line charges each guest an automatic gratuity to cover the tips for the crew, this is usually $14.50 per person per night. This amount is split between the crew members automatically and can be removed if requested. Guests are welcome to tip above and beyond this amount. On Disney, they have automatic gratuities, so I was a bit ... A large number of cruise lines, including Carnival, Celebrity, Cunard, Disney, Holland America, Princess, Norwegian, MSC Cruises, and Royal Caribbean include gratuities for stateroom attendants ...The automatic gratuities on a Disney Cruise are given to these people. Server. This is the main server in your rotational dining restaurant. Assistant Server. This is the person who will get your drinks and assist your main server. Head Server. In each rotational dining restaurant, there are 4 head servers.The good: First, if you want to take care of everything ahead of time, prepaying the gratuities allows you to do so. Your cruise agent might offer to let you take care of everything with one payment now. That avoids having to pay for the cruise now and for the tips later. If the trip is a gift to a loved one or you want to pay for your whole ...This cruise tipping guide breaks down what's included in cruise gratuities and service charges, what to expect, and how to maximize your time and money. ... Disney Cruise Line: $14.50: $101.50 ...I had researched this whole 'tipping at Palo' before my first cruise, a year or so ago. I was prepared to leave it the way it was..that $5 of the 'cost' of Palo. But, after a wonderful brunch there, my dh and I decided that $5 was not nearly enough for the incredible service we got that morning.Learn about the payment of gratuities aboard Disney Cruise Line ships. Are Gratuities Include with Cruise Price | Disney Cruise Line You need to enable JavaScript to run this …Disney Cruise Line has now made it easier for those who like to pre-pay their Disney Cruise gratuities. Previously, if you wanted to pay gratuities in advance, you had to call Disney Cruise Line to do it, which only increases the call volume to the call centre making the wait times longer for everyone else.Disney Cruise Gratuity Calculator. We offer you this handy calculator tool for determining the appropriate gratuities for the crew members that help make your Disney cruise …The recommended gratuity is $15.50 per person/per day based on the length of the cruise for Concierge Guests. Additionally, our Concierge Guests often ask for guidance regarding gratuities for the Concierge Lounge Team. As a suggestion, we recommend $8 per Guest/per day for the voyage, but it is always up to the Guest to determine what they ...On Carnival Cruise Line, the automatic gratuity rate is $16 (USD) per person, per day as of April 1, 2023. This covers guests in all standard staterooms, whether interior, ocean view, or balcony ...Gratuities are an additional cost during any Disney cruise. DCL automatically adds $14.50 per person per night to your account to cover tips for your servers and room host. It’s important to note that Disney Cruise Line updated their guidelines and now recommend concierge guests pay $15.50 per person per day in gratuities.Disney Dining shared the update from Disney Cruise Line on recommended gratuities:. Since our very first sailing, Guests have told us how much they enjoy their interactions with the Crew Members. Providing world-class service and creating life-long memories for our Guests are among the most common comments we receive.Disney Cruise Line is known for providing exceptional guest service and creating magical experiences for guests of all ages so their tipping guidelines are different than most. Guests can go ahead and pre-pay gratuities online under My Reservations in your Disney account and follow the prompts for Pre-Paid Gratuities.Cruise gratuities average out to be roughly around US$14 per day (or US$98 for a weeklong cruise). But if you want to remove the automated gratuities and pay your individual cabin staff according to the level of service provided, that is up to your discretion. ... Disney Cruise Line. Daily gratuity charge: US$12 Additional charges: A 15 percent ...The lowest price for a seven-night Alaska cruise in June with Disney Cruise Line is the ... With Cheers, you'll also receive a discount on bottles of wine (plus other …The recommended gratuity is $15.50 per person/per day based on the length of the cruise for Concierge Guests. Additionally, our Concierge Guests often ask for guidance regarding gratuities for the Concierge Lounge Team. As a suggestion, we recommend $8 per Guest/per day for the voyage, but it is always up to the Guest to determine what they ...Disney Cruise Line: Disney recommends the following gratuities on its cruises: $14.50 per person per night (including babies and children) for guests staying in regular staterooms. Disney notes that this fee covers tips for the following crew members: Stateroom host and dining room server, assistant server, and head server.Jul 4, 2023 · According to the Ultimate Guide to Disney Cruise Gratuities: Tips and Policies Explained, it is possible to adjust or remove gratuities by visiting Guest Services onboard the ship. However, it is important to note that gratuities play a crucial role in the service industry and are an essential part of the crew members’ income. Visiting Florida’s Disney World promises to be a vacation to remember. With so many options for touring and big-action fun, it’s smart to gather as much intel as you can before you...Jun 4, 2019 · This person is responsible for your beverages and assisting the server in anything that supports providing a great experience during dinner for the guests. Their gratuity is $3.50 per night per person. So, for a 7-night cruise for 1 person, it calculates to $24.50. For a family of 4, your total would be $98. For European and Mediterranean cruises, bring traveler's checks to the ports to exchange for local currency. One exception are gratuities for the Porters who ...Cruise gratuities are tips that are automatically charged by the cruise line and go to the crew. Cruise gratuities usually average between $16-$20 per person per night. On the majority of cruise lines, gratuities are not mandatory and can be removed if requested. Cruise gratuities are mainly charged on a per-night basis but there are a …Aug 19, 2565 BE ... I'm talking about bar tabs, restaurant upcharges like Palo and Remy, and the like. There is an automatic 18% gratuity added to all food and bev ...Jan 27, 2566 BE ... The other option is to write in a gratuity on your Room Service receipt and it will be charged to your onboard credit account. As far as the ... Easily pre-pay gratuities online to create a carefree, all-inclusive experience by visiting My Reservations in your Disney account and following the prompts for Pre-Paid Gratuities. If you booked your Disney cruise with a travel agent, please contact them to apply this payment for you. Disney Cruise Line is unique because it does not offer traditional drink packages you can purchase pre-cruise or on the day of embarkation. ... An 18% gratuity is added to Royal …Disney Cruise Line Tipping and Gratuities. Previous Page Main Menu. amounts verified December 2013. Below are the suggested gratuities for the 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10 day cruises. You can charge them if you do not wish to use cash. Gratuities listed below are for the whole cruise and the amounts are PER PERSON, including any children in you party. ...Prices are correct as of 28th March 2023 but subject to change, please call our Disney Experts for up-to-date pricing on 0800 169 0742 *. Other restrictions may apply. Taxes, Fees and Port Expenses of approximately £55 per person for 5-Night Spanish Cruise from Southampton are not included in price. 3-night maximum stay, pre- and/or post-cruise.Jun 18, 2023 · Disney Cruise Line recommends a gratuity amount of $14.50 per person per night for guests staying in standard staterooms (source: Disney Cruise Line). To calculate the total amount your family should pay for gratuities, use the following formula: According to Disney Cruise Line, for instance, tipping applies to everyone—even infants. But other ships do make exceptions for little ones. Passengers ages 2 and younger are exempt from tipping aboard Carnival cruises, for example, while Norwegian excuses kids ages 3 and younger, and Costa …May 26, 2015 · The suggested gratuities, per DCL, are $13.50 per person (for adults as well as children of all ages), per night of your cruise. For example, a 7 night cruise would be $13.50 x 7 nights = $94.50 per person. This breaks down as such: Dining Room Server = $4.50 per night, per person. Dining Room Assistant Server = $3.50 per night, per person. 1. Yes, You Can Book Cruises Through Costco. Costco started its travel subsidiary in 2000, according to Jody Zegers, a cruise buyer for Costco Travel. The call center now has a staff of 250 ...Feb 28, 2567 BE ... An automatic 18% gratuity is added to Disney's bar, beverage, wine, spa and deck service tabs. It is suggested that cruisers tip a couple of ...For Adults (aged 12 and over): Per Day. Amount. GBP. £7.00. P&O Cruises has a set daily service charge for guests aged 12 years and above. You should note that the rate can change, so it's a good idea to check with P&O Cruises for the most current rate. Automatic Gratuities Vs. Discretionary Tips.Aug 5, 2565 BE ... Disney cruises ... Disney Cruise line. The Disney cruise line ... gratuities to your credit card at the end of ...Disney+ is the ultimate streaming service for fans of all things Disney. With a vast library of classic and new content, it’s easy to get lost in the world of Disney. But getting s...Easily pre-pay gratuities online to create a carefree, all-inclusive experience by visiting My Reservations in your Disney account and following the prompts for Pre-Paid Gratuities. If you booked your Disney cruise with a travel agent, please contact them to apply this payment for you.The bare bones Disney Cruise Line gratuity amount is currently $14.50, per person, per night, for guests staying in non-concierge staterooms. If, for example, you’re …7. Off-ship tipping. Bring cash, if you think you may tip excursion operators or bus drivers (if you are using Disney Transfers). If you are arriving at the port by car, you’ll most likely use the assistance of luggage porters to help with bags from the curb to the ship. It’s customary to tip them $1 to $2 per bag. 8.Sep 2, 2023 · This cruise tipping guide breaks down what's included in cruise gratuities and service charges, what to expect, and how to maximize your time and money. ... Disney Cruise Line: $14.50: $101.50 ... Jan 30, 2567 BE ... Additionally, a 15% gratuity is added to bar, wine and salon bills. Disney Cruise Line. Automatic gratuity charge: None. Details: While ...Sep 29, 2564 BE ... 6.8K Likes, 47 Comments. TikTok video from Lesley S (@lesleyetp): “How pre paid gratuities work on Disney cruises #cruise #disney ...Gratuities are an additional cost during any Disney cruise. DCL automatically adds $14.50 per person per night to your account to cover tips for your servers and room host. It’s important to note that Disney Cruise Line updated their guidelines and now recommend concierge guests pay $15.50 per person per day in gratuities.Disney Cruise Beer Mug Savings Package. This ones a bit more complicated to explain, but beer with us. With this package, you pay $15.25 for a souvenir Disney Cruise Beer Mug and a small token. Then, for the duration of your cruise, you take either the mug or the token to any of the bars onboard the ship.While Disney stresses that the amount of a tip is up to the customer, it does suggest baseline for minimum tips. Dining room servers and stateroom hosts should be tipped $4 per guest per night. A single traveler would pay $12 for a three-night cruise, $16 for four nights and $28 for a seven-night cruise. Multiply that number by the number of ...Nov 11, 2565 BE ... Gratuities are not included in the cruise cost, but Disney recommends that Cruise Line Guests give a gratuity of $14.50 per night, per Guest, ... Disney Cruise Gratuity Calculator. Disney Cruise Gratuity Calculator. We offer you this handy calculator tool for determining the appropriate gratuities for the crew members that help make your Disney cruise magical. Included here are the baseline (i.e. recommended) gratuities, and the ability to increase or decrease the amounts as you desire. Should you choose to, for a seven-night cruise, consider tipping about $2 to $3 per person, per day. If you are in a suite or aboard a luxury cruise, you may have a butler assigned to your room ...Jan 14, 2024 · With the excellent service that is the hallmark of Disney Cruise Line, I am glad you are already thinking about gratuities and wanting to know what to expect for your cruise. On your cruise, there are four people for whom Disney has established standard gratuities. These can be pre-paid before your cruise, which is what I do when I book a cruise. Tipping is at your discretion, however for convenience our calculator is set to default to Disney Cruise Line’s suggested amounts (as shown below). Number of Nights. Number of Cruisers. Suggested gratuities: Stateroom Host: ($4.75/cruiser per night) Server: ($4.75/cruiser per night) Assistant Server: ($3.75/cruiser per night)Jul 27, 2566 BE ... Disney Cruise Lines recommend that you tip USD$14.50 per person, per night of your stay. These tips will be shared with your Stateroom Host, and ... You can also contact us at (800) 601-8455 Monday through Friday from 8:00 AM to 10:00 PM Eastern Time or Saturday and Sunday from 9:00 AM to 8:00 PM Eastern Time to place an order. Guests under 18 years of age must have parent or guardian permission to call. Disney Cruise Gratuity Calculator. We offer you this handy calculator tool for determining the appropriate gratuities for the crew members that help make your Disney cruise …Celebrity Cruises. What's Included: Stateroom stewards, restaurant servers, and a small amount to other key crew members. Price: $14.50 per person/day in regular cabins, $15 per person/day in Concierge Class and Aqua class cabins, and $18 per person/day in suites. 18% is also added on for beverages and …Disney Cruise Line Tip Calculator ... Note: The default tip amounts in our calculator are set by Disney Cruise Line's suggested amounts. Pre-Paid Gratuities ...The ship also adds a 15% gratuity to bar and wine bills. Disney Cruise Line. Disney Cruise Line doesn’t have an automatic gratuity charge but recommends $14.50 per person, per day for guests staying in most cabins. Also, Disney suggests a $15.50 gratuity amount per day, per person for guests staying …Aug 29, 2023 · Gratuities are not included, and Disney Cruise Line's recommended tip is a minimum of $14.50 per guest, per night. How much is the Disney Cruise Line drink package? In pre-paid gratuities, Disney adds $3.75 per passenger, per night in pre-paid gratuities to the cost of your cruise. Meanwhile, your head server acts as a maître d’. … You can also choose to prepay gratuities in advance by contacting Disney Cruise Lines or your travel agent at least 3 days before the cruise date. Disney Cruise gratuities per day The recommended daily gratuities are $4.75 for the stateroom host, $1.25 for the head server, $4.75 for the server, and $3.75 for the assistant server per person. You can also contact us at (800) 601-8455 Monday through Friday from 8:00 AM to 10:00 PM Eastern Time or Saturday and Sunday from 9:00 AM to 8:00 PM Eastern Time to place an order. Guests under 18 years of age must have parent or guardian permission to call.Fantasy Becomes Reality. Chart a course for adventure and wonder, where elegance and sophistication mingle with storytelling and whimsy. Sister ship to the Disney Dream, the Disney Fantasy is a masterpiece of design and engineering boasting Art Nouveau allure alongside modern technological advancements. Set sail on longer itineraries ...Dec 9, 2023 · The amount of automatic gratuity varies depending on the length of your cruise and the type of stateroom you have. As of [date], the standard gratuities for a seven-night cruise are approximately $14.50 per person, per day for guests staying in a standard stateroom and $17.50 per person, per day for guests staying in a concierge-level stateroom. Learn the answers to common questions about tipping on Disney cruises, such as when and how much you should tip, how to adjust or remove gratuities, and what …Are you ready to experience the magic of Disney+? With the launch of Disney+, you can now access a huge library of movies, shows, and documentaries from all your favorite Disney, P...Are you a fan of Disney Channel? Do you want to access exclusive content and watch your favorite shows on the go? If so, then you need to create a Disney Channel account. This arti...Nov 29, 2566 BE ... For a small deposit, you can make a placeholder reservation for a future Disney Cruise. It's a great way to save money on your next Disney Magic ...Oct 18, 2021 · The recommended gratuity is $4.50 for the stateroom host, $1 for the head server, $4.50 for the server, and $3.50 to the assistant server per day and per person. This means that total Disney cruise tips per day are $13.50, per person. This only applies if you are staying on the concierge level: If your stateroom is on the concierge level, you ... Jan 4, 2562 BE ... And vice versa. Hint: adding on gratuities and beverage package for everyone on RCI isn't going to cost $3300 per cabin, let alone $6600 per two ...Disney Cruise Line suggests a standard gratuity amount per person, per night, based on your stateroom category. If you choose not to prepay, the charges will be …Jan 12, 2024 · Average Daily Cruise Line Gratuity. Roughly speaking, you can expect to pay anywhere from $11.50 – $20.00 per passenger per day for onboard gratuities. As mentioned, cruise lines automatically add gratuities to your onboard account. Luxury lines like Azamara, Ponant, Regent, Silversea, Seabourn, Sea Dream, Virgin Voyages include gratuities in ... For European and Mediterranean cruises, bring traveler's checks to the ports to exchange for local currency. One exception are gratuities for the Porters who ...Some cruise lines have specific rules and deadlines for prepaying gratuities, so it’s important to be aware of them in advance. For example, Disney Cruise Line has a shorter window for prepaying gratuities compared to other cruise lines. On the other hand, Princess cruises may be an exception to prepaying gratuities if onboard credit is ...According to Disney Cruise Line, for instance, tipping applies to everyone—even infants. But other ships do make exceptions for little ones. Passengers ages 2 and younger are exempt from tipping aboard Carnival cruises, for example, while Norwegian excuses kids ages 3 and younger, and Costa …Learn the answers to common questions about tipping on Disney cruises, such as when and how much you should tip, how to adjust or remove gratuities, and what …Nov 29, 2566 BE ... For a small deposit, you can make a placeholder reservation for a future Disney Cruise. It's a great way to save money on your next Disney Magic ...May 26, 2015 · The suggested gratuities, per DCL, are $13.50 per person (for adults as well as children of all ages), per night of your cruise. For example, a 7 night cruise would be $13.50 x 7 nights = $94.50 per person. This breaks down as such: Dining Room Server = $4.50 per night, per person. Dining Room Assistant Server = $3.50 per night, per person. May 26, 2015 · The suggested gratuities, per DCL, are $13.50 per person (for adults as well as children of all ages), per night of your cruise. For example, a 7 night cruise would be $13.50 x 7 nights = $94.50 per person. This breaks down as such: Dining Room Server = $4.50 per night, per person. Dining Room Assistant Server = $3.50 per night, per person. This cruise tipping guide breaks down what's included in cruise gratuities and service charges, what to expect, and how to maximize your time and money. ... Disney Cruise Line: $14.50: $101.50 ...Hard liquor is a no-go, but each cruiser 21 years of age and up can bring two bottles of wine (or six-packs of beer) on board with them. If you’re thinking of bringing that bottle of wine with ...Passengers who are two to 11 years old are charged €6 (9.78 AUD) per person per day. Kids under two years old are exempted from paying gratuities. For South America cruises, passengers aged 12 and above are charged $14.5 (21.59 AUD) per guest per day while kids aged two to 11 are charged $7.25 (10.79 AUD). Meanwhile, for Asian …On Disney Cruise Line, gratuities are automatically added to your onboard account each day and are distributed among the dining staff, stateroom hosts/hostesses, and other crew members who provide services during your voyage. The amount of gratuity is per person, per night of your cruise, and varies depending on the category of stateroom you ...See full list on magicguides.com MSC Cruises on a sailing that goes to South Africa: $10 for passengers 12 and older and $5 for guests between the ages of 2 and 11. Norwegian Cruise Line: $20.00 for standard cabins and $25.00 for The Haven. Princess Cruises: $16.00 for standard cabins, $17.00 for mini-suites and the reserve collection, and $18.00 for suites is $18.00.Disney Cruise Beer Mug Savings Package. This ones a bit more complicated to explain, but beer with us. With this package, you pay $15.25 for a souvenir Disney Cruise Beer Mug and a small token. Then, for the duration of your cruise, you take either the mug or the token to any of the bars onboard the ship.Jul 2, 2022 · For the first time, Disney’s FAQ references Concierge guests. For Concierge Guests Disney Cruise Line added the Assistant Stateroom Host/Hostess position to their recommended gratuities. The recommended gratuity is $15.50 per person/per day based on the length of the cruise for Concierge Guests. Dining Room Server – $4.75 per person/per day Gratuities add up quickly during a cruise. Be careful not to overtip anyone unintentionally. Disney automatically includes 18 percent gratuity for all onboard spa services and 15 percent for bar ...Are you planning a trip to Disney World? If so, you’re probably wondering how to get the most out of your experience without breaking the bank. One way to do this is to purchase a ...Nov 11, 2565 BE ... Gratuities are not included in the cruise cost, but Disney recommends that Cruise Line Guests give a gratuity of $14.50 per night, per Guest, ...Disney Cruise Line recommends a gratuity amount of $14.50 per person per night for guests staying in standard staterooms (source: Disney Cruise Line). To calculate the total amount your family should pay for gratuities, use the following formula:As of July 2022, Disney recommends a gratuity amount of $14.50 per night, per stateroom guest, including infants and children—which will be dispersed to the Crew Members who serve guests daily in the rotational dining restaurants and in guest staterooms: For a family of four sailing on a 7 day cruise, the total gratuities paid …Nov 29, 2566 BE ... For a small deposit, you can make a placeholder reservation for a future Disney Cruise. It's a great way to save money on your next Disney Magic ...Jan 27, 2566 BE ... The other option is to write in a gratuity on your Room Service receipt and it will be charged to your onboard credit account. As far as the ...Tipping is a source of some confusion (and much discussion among some passengers) because policies vary from line to line and often it is not sufficiently explained by the cruise lines once passengers are on-board. Cruise line tipping policies generally fall into three different categories: (1). Gratuities automatically added to your onboard bill.River Cruises: Wines and beer are included during scheduled meals in the ship’s dining room. ... No, gratuities for your Adventure Guides are not included in the price of your Adventures by Disney itinerary. Gratuities should be based on the quality of service you have received. We recommend the following gratuity guidelines:Nov 11, 2565 BE ... Gratuities are not included in the cruise cost, but Disney recommends that Cruise Line Guests give a gratuity of $14.50 per night, per Guest, ...A couple traveling together will see about $30-$40 per day in gratuities, or about $200+ over the course of a week-long cruise. Below, we’ve listed the current tip amounts charged by major cruise lines as of the time of this writing: Carnival: $16.00 per person, per day. $18.00 per person, per day for …Jan 12, 2024 · Average Daily Cruise Line Gratuity. Roughly speaking, you can expect to pay anywhere from $11.50 – $20.00 per passenger per day for onboard gratuities. As mentioned, cruise lines automatically add gratuities to your onboard account. Luxury lines like Azamara, Ponant, Regent, Silversea, Seabourn, Sea Dream, Virgin Voyages include gratuities in ... *Onboard credit can be redeemed for most valid charges incurred on a Disney Cruise including Disney-organized shore excursions, shipboard and Castaway Cay spa treatments, gratuities, alcoholic beverages, souvenirs, photographs, and a host of activities on the Disney Cruise and in Castaway Cay.Disney Cruise Line automatically charges guests a set amount for select gratuities. These gratuities can be pre-paid prior to boarding by calling Disney Cruise Line, asking your Travel Agent to add them to your reservation, or will be added to your onboard account when you board. Currently, this amount is …June 4, 2019. IMG 9507 scaled. Let’s talk gratuities… The service on Disney Cruise Line is exceptional. Each and every cast and crew member make you feel like you are the most …The bare bones Disney Cruise Line gratuity amount is currently $14.50, per person, per night, for guests staying in non-concierge staterooms. If, for example, you’re … | Cskjggya (article) | Mwwpmh.